Air-controlled appliances must have a way to reduce leaks into the firebox so that the only air entering the stove or firebox is through the air control. There are some older stoves that have fitted ground cast iron "gaskets" that seal well enough without rope seal, but almost all modern wood stoves need gasket material around the loading doors for sealing. Some ash pan doors have such gaskets too.

Refractories are heat resistant materials that are used to line high temperature furnaces and other high temperature processing units. Refractories have to be resistant to thermal stress and other heat-related phenomena, and they have to stand up to physical wear, abrasion and chemical corrosion. The refractories have to be more heat resistantthan metals, and they are required for heating...